Port and Terminal Management

1.1

Globalization, Production, Ports and Trade

2

1.1.1

Characteristics of Maritime Transport

5

1.2

The Shipping Industry: Characteristics and Prospects

8

1.3

Economic Reforms and Trade Challenges for Prots in the Region

10

1.4

Port Actions for Port Development

15

1.4.1

The Impact of Ports on Promoting National Economic Development

16

2.1

Terminology

21

2.2

Intermodal Logistics and Interorganizational Relations

23

2.3

Port Terminal and Drayage Segments of The Supply Chain

24

2.3.1

Port Terminal Organizations

25

2.3.2

Port Drayage Organizations

27

2.4

Organizational Theory and Interorganizational Dynamics

29

2.5

Intermodal Disarticulation

34

2.6

Discussion and Conclusion

41

3.1

Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models

47

3.2

Interactions with Port Cities

51

3.2.1

Role of a Port Authority

54

3.2.2

Role of Port Operators  

56

3.2.3

Role of a Transport Ministry

57

3.3

Port Functions

59

3.4

Port Administration Models

61

3.4.1

Service Ports

62

3.4.2

Tool Ports

63

3.4.3

Landlord Ports

64

3.4.4

Fully Privatized Ports

64

3.5

Globalization of Terminals

65

3.6

Port Management and Competition

68

3.6.1

Key Factors Affecting Interparty Competition

69

3.7

Port Sector Regulator

70

3.8

Value-added Services

72

4.1

Structural Strategies

76

4.2

Structural Remedies

79

4.3

Regulatory Strategies

81

4.4

Decision Framework for Selecting Port Competition 

83

4.5

Designing a Port Regulatory System

85

5.1

Labor Reform and Related Social Issues

109

5.1.1

Key Labor Issues

112

5.2

Labor Involvement in Port Reforms

114

5.3

Organizing To Address Labor Reform: A Task Force Approach

118

5.4

The Institutional Framework for Labor Reform

120

5.4.1

Redefining the Concept of Social Equity

120

5.4.2

Meeting Commercial Needs

121

5.4.3

Fostering Competition

122

5.4.4

Government’s role

122

5.4.5

Time Frame for Port Labor Reform

123

5.5

Developing the Workforce Rationalization Plan

123

5.5.1

Alternatives for Dismissals

125

5.5.2

Elements of a Staff Retrenchment Program

126

5.5.3

Pitfalls in Designing and Implementing Severance Packages

127

5.5.4

Rationalizing the Workforce When and By Whom?

129

5.5.5

Who Should Pay for the Expenses of Port Labor Rationalization?

131

5.6

International Support for Labor Adjustments

133

5.7

Post Reform Labor Management Relations

135

5.8

Implementing Port Reforms

135

5.8.1

Strategic Preparation: The Interministerial Working Group

136

5.8.2

IWG Mandate and Composition

136

5.8.3

Hiring Advisors

137

5.8.4

Time Frame

138

5.8.5

IWG Work Plan

138

5.9

Redefining of Authorities and Powers

139

5.9.1

Regulatory Principles

139

5.9.2

Port Authorities and Consultations

139

5.9.3

Public Infrastructure Pricing

140

5.9.4

Labor Redeployment

143

5.9.5

Contract Management principles and Procedures

143

5.10

Legal Adaption

144

5.11

Transaction Preparation

145

5.11.1

Financial Model

145

5.11.2

Due Diligence

146

5.11.3

Contractual Document Preparation

146

5.11.4

Bidding Document Preparation

146

6.1

Terminology

149

6.2

Intermodal Logistics and Interorganizational Relations

150

6.3

Port Terminal Drayage Segments of the Supply Chain

152

6.3.1

Port Terminal Organizations

153

6.3.2

Port Drayage Organizations

155

6.4

Organization Theory and Interorganizational Dynamics

158

6.5

Intermodal Disarticulation

161

6.6

Discussion and Conclusion

168

7.1

  Environment Management Plan

173

7.1.1

Environment Policy and Guidelines

174

7.2

Ship Waste Discharge

180

7.2.1

SCOPE

183

7.2.2

Waste Categories and Conditions

183

7.2.3

Plastics

184

7.2.4

Oil, Oily Mixtures

184

7.2.5

Vessel Washing Water

185

7.2.6

Garbage

185

7.2.7

Timber

185

7.2.8

Recyclables

186

7.2.9

Black and Grey (Water Sewage)

186

7.2.10

Airborne Emissions

187

7.2.11

Ballast Water  

187

7.2.12

Hull Cleaning, Painting Propeller Polishing 

187

7.3

Quarantine Waste

188

7.4

Port Development and the Environment

188

7.5

Port Landscape Master Plan Guidelines

189

7.5.1

Port Landscape Guidelines

190

7.5.2

Port and the Community  

190

7.5.3

Developing Sustainably

192

7.5.4

Mangrove Research

193

7.6

Awards  

194

7.7

Community Outreach

195

7.7.1

Public Jetty

196

8.1

Financing Port Projects  

198

8.2

Financing Ports: From a Lenders Point of View  

202

8.3

Public-Private Partnerships

205

8.4

Port Reform Modalities

206

8.5

Strategies and Reform Options  

208

8.6

Modernization of Port Administration

209

8.6.1

Liberalization  

211

8.6.2

Commercialization  

212

8.6.3

Budgeting

212

8.7

Corporatization pf Terminals

214

8.8

Corporatization of a Port Authority

217

8.8.1

Privatization

219

8.9

Reform Tools

221

8.9.1

Contracting Out and Use of Management Contracts  

221

8.9.2

Concession Arrangements 

222

8.9.3

Leasehold Agreements   

223

8.9.4

Concession Agreements

226

9.1

Fdi Port Terminals: Opportunities and Challenges

239

9.2

Role of Port Infrastructure and Logistics in Global Networks 

244

9.3

The paradox of Global Shipping  

246

9.4

Logistics Performance Economic Development

248

9.5

Changing Ship Technology and Port Infrastructure Implications   

250

9.5.1

Trade and its Effects Upon Ship Size  

251

9.5.2

The Mega-Container Ship is Unveiled   

252

9.5.3

Future Trends in Ships Size   

253

9.5.4

The Question of Water Depth

254

9.5.5

Environmental Impact of the Mega-Container

254

9.5.6

What is Intermodalism?

255

9.5.7

Seamless Transport Ashore and Afloat: Intermodal Pipeline

255

9.5.8

The Ideal Container Port  

256

9.5.9

The Protection of Local Waters Through the Ballast Water Exchange   

257

9.5.10

Competition Within the Port   

258

9.5.11

A Plea for Safe Navigation  

258